[스크랩] Brain-computer Interfaces
Brain-computer Interfaces
The ability to control a computer /using only the powe of the mind/ is closer than one might think.
Brain-computer interfaces, /where computers can read and interpret signals directly from the brain,/ have already achieved clinical success/ in allowing quadriplegics, those suffering “locked-in syndrome”
* quadriplegics : a person who is paralyzed in both arms and both legs
or people who have had a stroke/ to move their own wheelchairs/ or even drink coffee from a cup /by controlling the action of a robotic arm /with their brain waves.
* stroke : a sudden loss of consciousness resulting when he rupture or occulusion(= closure or blockage) of a blood vessel leads to oxygen lack in the brain.
In addition, direct brain implants/ have helped restore partial vision /to people who have lost their sight.
Recent research/ has focused on the possibility/ of using brain-computer interfaces/ to connect different brains together directly. Researchers at Duke University last year reported/ successfully connecting the brains of two mice over the Internet (into what was termed a “brain net”) /where mice in different countries/ were able to cooperate to perform simple tasks /to generate a reward.
Also in 2013, scientists at Harvard University reported /that they were able to establish a functional link/ between the brains of a rat and a human /with a non-invasive, computer-to-brain interface.
Other research projects/ have focused on manipulating or directly implanting memories from a computer into the brain. In mid-2013, MIT researchers reported /having successfully implanted a false memory /into the brain of a mouse.
In humans, the ability to directly manipulate memories/ might have an application in the treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder, /while in the longer term, information may be uploaded into human brains in the manner of a computer file. Of course, numerous ethical issues /are also clearly raised by this rapidly advancing field.
* in manner of : in a way of acting or behaving
This list was compiled by the World Economic Forum’s Global Agenda Council on Emerging Technologies. Noubar Afeyan, Managing Partner, Flagship Ventures is the Council’s Chair. Mark Lynas, Freelance Writer on Science, Technology and Climate Change, and Sir David King, Special Representative for Climate Change, Foreign and Commonwealth Office of the United Kingdom, are its Vice-chairs. For a full list of the Council’s members, see here.
All images provided by Reuters.
Find out more on how emerging technologies are reshaping society, business and government in the Global Technology Leadership course of Forum Academy.
Find out about the top 10 emerging technologies for 2013 here.
(출처) http://forumblog.org/2014/02/top-ten-emerging-technologies-2014/
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