"Need V-ing" and "Need to V" have different meanings and uses.

"Need V-ing" and "Need to V" have different meanings and uses.

1. Need + V-ing

This structure means that something requires a certain action to be done.

The subject is usually a thing, not a person.

It is similar in meaning to "need to be + past participle" (passive meaning).


✅ Examples:

The car needs washing. (= The car needs to be washed.)

Your hair needs cutting. (= Your hair needs to be cut.)

This room needs cleaning. (= This room needs to be cleaned.)


2. Need + to V

This structure means that a person has to do something or something must be done.

The subject is usually a person or sometimes a thing when active meaning is intended.


✅ Examples:

I need to study for my exam.

You need to call your mom.

The machine needs to be fixed. (= Passive meaning, similar to "needs fixing.")


Summary:

Need + V-ing → Passive meaning, the thing requires action.

Need + to V → Active meaning, someone has to do something.